Partial Knee Replacement Surgery

1. What is partial knee replacement surgery?
Partial knee replacement (also known as unicompartmental knee replacement) is a procedure where only the damaged part of the knee joint is replaced with an artificial metal and plastic implant. The healthy bone, cartilage, and ligaments in the rest of the knee are preserved, allowing for a more natural feel and quicker recovery compared to a total knee replacement.

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2. Who is suitable for partial knee replacement?
This operation is usually recommended for patients whose arthritis or damage is limited to one part of the knee—most commonly the inner (medial) compartment. To be suitable, the remaining areas of the knee joint must still be healthy and well-aligned. Your surgeon will confirm this through X-rays and a detailed assessment.

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3. How does partial knee replacement differ from total knee replacement?
In a total knee replacement, all three compartments of the knee are resurfaced and replaced. In a partial knee replacement, only the affected section is treated, leaving the rest of the knee intact. Because less bone and tissue are removed, patients often recover faster and retain more natural movement.

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4. What are the benefits of partial knee replacement?
The surgery can significantly reduce pain while preserving more of your natural knee structure. It typically involves a smaller incision, less discomfort after surgery, and a quicker return to normal activities compared to a total knee replacement. Many patients also report a more natural feeling in the knee.

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5. What are the risks or downsides?
As with any operation, there are risks such as infection, blood clots, or stiffness. There’s also a chance that arthritis could develop in the parts of the knee that were not replaced, which might require further surgery in the future. Your surgeon will explain all possible risks and benefits before the procedure.

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6. How long is the recovery period?
Most patients begin walking with support within a day or two of surgery. Physiotherapy starts early to help restore strength and movement. Many people can return to normal daily activities within 4–6 weeks. The majority of recovery takes place during the first 3 months, with continued improvement for up to a year, depending on your overall health and progress.

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7. When can I return to sports or exercise?
After recovery, you can usually return to low-impact activities such as walking, swimming, and cycling. High-impact sports like running or jumping are best avoided to protect the new implant and help it last longer.

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8. How long does a partial knee replacement last?
Modern partial knee replacements can last 10–15 years or more. The lifespan of the implant depends on factors like your activity level, age, and weight. Regular follow-ups with your surgeon will help ensure your knee remains healthy and functional.

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9. Will I have a scar?
Yes, there will be a small scar on the front or side of the knee where the incision is made. It is usually shorter than with a total knee replacement and tends to fade over time.

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10. How do I find out if partial knee replacement is right for me?
Your surgeon will review your symptoms, medical history, and imaging to determine whether your arthritis is confined to one area of the knee. If so, a partial knee replacement may be a suitable option to relieve pain and maintain as much of your natural knee function as possible.