Knee Arthroscopy
Knee arthroscopy surgery is a minimally invasive procedure that allows the surgeon to look inside the knee joint using a small camera (arthroscope) and treat problems such as torn cartilage (meniscus), damaged ligaments, or loose fragments of bone or tissue. The operation is performed through tiny keyhole incisions rather than a large cut, which helps reduce discomfort and speeds up recovery.
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This type of surgery is typically recommended when knee pain, swelling, locking, or instability has not improved with non-surgical treatments such as physiotherapy or medication. It can be used to both diagnose and treat a range of knee conditions.
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The aim of the procedure is to relieve pain, improve movement, and restore normal knee function so you can return to your usual daily activities with greater comfort and mobility. Most patients are able to walk with support on the same day as surgery and recover over the following days to weeks, depending on the type of treatment carried out during the procedure.
Frequently Asked Questions - Knee Arthroscopy Surgery
1. What is knee arthroscopy surgery?
Knee arthroscopy is a minimally invasive procedure that allows the surgeon to examine and treat problems inside the knee joint using a small camera (arthroscope) and fine surgical instruments. The procedure is performed through tiny keyhole incisions, which helps to reduce pain, scarring, and recovery time compared to traditional open surgery.
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2. Who is suitable for knee arthroscopy?
Knee arthroscopy is often recommended for patients who have ongoing knee pain, swelling, or locking that has not improved with rest, medication, or physiotherapy. It can help diagnose and treat conditions such as torn cartilage (meniscus), ligament injuries, loose bone or cartilage fragments, or inflammation of the joint lining.
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3. How does knee arthroscopy differ from open knee surgery?
In arthroscopy, the surgeon uses a thin camera and specialised tools inserted through small incisions, rather than making one large cut to open the joint. This means less tissue damage, reduced discomfort, and a much quicker recovery compared to open surgery.
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4. What are the benefits of knee arthroscopy?
Knee arthroscopy can relieve pain, improve movement, and help restore normal function of the knee. It is typically a day-case procedure, meaning you can go home the same day. Most patients find they can walk soon after the operation and return to normal activities faster than with traditional surgery.
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5. What are the risks or downsides?
As with any surgical procedure, there are some risks such as infection, bleeding, blood clots, or stiffness. In some cases, symptoms may take time to settle, or further treatment may be required if significant arthritis or damage is found inside the knee. Your surgeon will discuss these risks and what to expect before the operation.
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6. How long is the recovery period?
Recovery time depends on the condition being treated, but most patients can walk with support within a day or two. Light activities can usually be resumed within a couple of weeks, while more strenuous exercise or sports may take several weeks to a few months. Physiotherapy is often recommended to aid healing and restore movement.
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7. When can I return to sports or exercise?
You can usually return to low-impact activities such as walking, swimming, or cycling once your knee has healed and your surgeon gives you the go-ahead. High-impact activities should be introduced gradually and only when advised, depending on the extent of your surgery.
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8. How long do the results of knee arthroscopy last?
The results vary depending on the underlying problem treated. Many patients experience long-term relief from pain and improved mobility. However, if there is significant arthritis in the knee, symptoms may gradually return over time.
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9. Will I have a scar?
Yes, but the scars are usually very small—just a few tiny marks where the instruments were inserted. These fade significantly over time and are often barely noticeable.
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10. How do I find out if knee arthroscopy is right for me?
Your surgeon will assess your symptoms, medical history, and imaging (such as X-rays or MRI scans) to determine whether arthroscopy is suitable. It’s typically recommended when knee pain or locking is caused by a mechanical problem that can be treated through minimally invasive surgery.